Will Haram Fatwa Stop Crypto Assets in Indonesia?

Several Islamic organizations issued haram fatwas over digital assets such as cryptocurrencies and non-fungible tokens (NFT). On January 18, 2022, the Tarjih and Tajdid council of the Muhammadiyah Central Executive Board issued a fatwa against the use of cryptocurrencies. "Tarjih's fatwa stipulates that cryptocurrencies are illegal both as an investment tool and as a medium of exchange," citing the fatwa on Muhammadiyah's official website.
Muhamadiyah follows The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) 's decision on its seventh Fatwa Commission Ijtima Ulama on November 9-11, 2021. MUI Chair for Fatwa Asrorun Niam Sholeh said the use of cryptocurrencies is haram, or illegal in Islam because it contains gharar and dharar (speculation) and is contrary to Law No.7/2011 and Bank Indonesia Regulation No.17/2015 on Legal Payment Instruments. The East Java Nahdlatul Ulama (PWNU) Region administrators said that cryptocurrencies cannot be recognized as commodities and cannot be traded.